What type of crime does 'Mugging' refer to?

Mugging specifically refers to a type of robbery that involves the use or threat of force against a victim to steal property, typically in a public place. This crime is characterized by an element of violence or intimidation, distinguishing it from other types of theft. In a mugging scenario, the perpetrator often approaches the victim and may use aggressive behavior or threats to compel them to surrender their belongings.

Because it involves direct confrontation and the potential for physical harm, mugging falls squarely under the legal definition of robbery, which encompasses crimes where force or the fear of harm is used to facilitate the theft. The other options do not capture the violent or coercive aspect that is inherent in a mugging incident. For example, petty theft typically does not involve any force or threats, whereas shoplifting pertains to stealing from a store without direct confrontation. Digital fraud lacks the physical element altogether, emphasizing deception rather than force or intimidation.